Category Archives: forecast

Storms in area

Monday, July 13, 2:15 P.M.

Just finished a nice post describing current situation, but it was lost in internet-land.  So, a brief capsule.

Storms entering Louisville area have failed to develop as expected (so far).  Quick line of thunderstorms will drop southward through Louisville are between 2:30 and 4:00 P.M.  Heavy rain and strong gusty winds are likely.  A few isolated severe wind gusts are possible, especially east of Louisville (Oldham and Shelby Counties).  Little threat of damaging weather west of I-65.

Useless tornado Watch for Louisville area.

Monday 1:30 P.M. May 11

A Tornado Watch for areas north of the Ohio River (and a small area of Kentucky near Cincinnati) has been recently issued.  But, a quick look at the radar clearly shows any threat to the Louisville has already moved east of the Louisville.

Models are in good agreement that a process known as “bridging” is occurring over the lower Ohio Valley.  That definitely is a downer for severe storms locally AND could very well mean no rain at all from this system.  That’s another big downer since it looks like we won’t get another serious rain chance until early next week.

Meanwhile, back to bridging – sometimes when a storm system moves northwest of us (the big weekend storm-maker is finally leaving the southern plains) it shifts most of the energy northward toward the Great Lakes while leaving a lot of the major moisture over the south. Then, mid-level winds become westerly and drive a wedge of drier air between the northern energy and the southern moisture.  That’s exactly what’s happening today.

Yes, there is a threat from severe (maybe tornadic) storms with the northern system, but not over southern Indiana.  Best chance of severe storms lies north of Indianapolis.  Meanwhile the southern part of the system now is energy-shy but should still produce thunderstorms later today from Tennessee southward.

So, where does that leave us?  Pretty much in no-man’s land.  Bridging is occurring over southern Indiana and most of Kentucky.  There’s still a chance we’ll see showers or a thunderstorm between 5 and 8 P.M., but the probability has dropped to the 20%-30% range.

Oh well, at least it’ll be cooler tomorrow.

Storms approaching Louisville

4:45 P.M. Tuesday (April 7)

Line of strong thunderstorms moving toward Louisville has been the source of numerous Severe Thunderstorm and Tornado Warnings over the past hour or two.  So far, upper circulation has been noted but no reports of any actual tornadoes.

Radar indications are showing the small line shifting southward while the northern edge is becoming more obscured due to heavy rain.  If this trend continues (it should), the greatest threat to the Louisville area will be just south of the city – northern Hardin, Meade and Bullitt Counties should see strong winds and heavy rains.  A small (weak ) tornado is not out of the question.

Meanwhile, the northern half of the line approaching the Louisville area will lose it’s severe weather threat, but still bring heavy downpours and gusty winds.  All activity should pass east and south of Louisville by 6 P.M.

Note:  4:55 P.M. 

Quick radar update shows line acting as described  above.  Primary severe threat will pass south of Louisville.  Northern area seems to be weakening quickly,  Thus, severe threat for Jefferson Co and Clark and Floyd Cos. will be very low.  Meanwhile, northern Hardin and Bullitt Co. will be hardest hit, maybe with severe winds, but tornado chances are very low.

No worries about tornadoes locally

Friday 3 P,M.  (April 3)

I know there’s a Tornado Watch in effect, but realistically it shouldn’t include the Louisville area.  Thunderstorms, not especially strong ones, moving through the area at this time were the reason the Watch included us.  But, they certainly are not strong enough to do any “storm” damage here.  Flooding, however, is a different concern.  Additional heavy rains until about 4-4:30 could easily accentuate our local flooding problems.

The current Tornado Watch has a more realistic chance of producing severe storms over the southern half of Kentucky later this afternoon and evening. At this time, the most likely locations for severe weather appear to along the Tennessee/Kentucky border west of I-65 during the couple of hours.  By early this evening, the primary threat will be over southeastern KY (mostly east of I-75).

The current storms in Louisville area are bringing northerly winds in their wake.  That means cooler and drier air will slide in after 4 P.M.  That means “goodbye” to any severe storm threat for us.  I hope the Storm Prediction Center catches on to this and drops us from the Watch area.  Based on past experience, that won’t happen.  The horse is dead guys, you can stop beating it!

It’s now 3:20 P.M.

Heaviest part of storm cluster has now moved into Oldham, Shelby and Spencer Counties.  And, it looks weaker.  Still some renewed flooding concerns, but probably not much.  Any threat for severe storms is over for anybody within 35 miles or so of Louisville.

Stuff – total lunar eclipse late tonight.

Skies should clear tonight, so early risers tomorrow morning should get a good view of a total eclipse of the moon.  It’ll be “total” for a shorter time than usual (less than five minutes) and harder to see thanks to the morning light, but still it’s a chance to see a relatively rare event.  For full details visit:  www.spaceweather.com

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

More storms on the way

Thursday evening (April 2)

It’s not too often when hail is the primary ingredient in severe weather around here.  But that’s the way it was this afternoon AND we could easily see another surge or two of additional Hail-makers tonight.  Chances are, though, that hail won’t get as large tonight.  Wind gusts should remain in the “nothing to worry about” range tonight.

Current Severe Storm Watch was issued after the storms were past, so that too is nothing to worry about locally.

A small area of t-storms approaching Evansville should be in our area between about 9 P.M. to Midnight.  These have lost the help of daytime heating, so small hail seems to be the best they can do.

Later tonight, an upper air system becomes more active over the area and another surge of thunderstorms becomes likely from about 5 A.M. to 9 A.M.  In spite of the late-night timing, these storms look capable of another round of hail and some gusty winds.

Additional showers/t-storms appear likely again tomorrow afternoon and evening, but severe weather does not appear to be a threat at that time.

Soggy weather continues

Friday afternoon (Mar 13)

It’s been a week with two very nice early spring days, but also with some very wet days as well.  The second major rain system of the week is over us now and looks like it’ll hang around until at least midday tomorrow.

One reason for the warm wet weather has been the absence of the northern (Polar) jet stream.  It has receded far north of us this week allowing weak subtropical weather disturbances to drift slowly into the Ohio Valley.  This one is more widespread and slower moving than the one earlier this week, so another large dose of rain is likely.  Our area could easily see 2″+ plus of rain before it fades away tomorrow afternoon.  So, once again, we’ll see renewed urban flooding and the larger rivers and streams will (perhaps) see a second crest this weekend and an extension of time remaining above flood stage.

The northern jet is about to reenter the weather situation this weekend.  It’s influence on us will start slowly tomorrow when it sends a batch of cooler, drier air to end the current rainy weather pattern.  The jet will ease a bit early in the week (pleasant Sun, Mon and Tue), but will send us a colder air mass by mid week and an even colder one by next weekend.  Yes, winter’s not over.

NWS Radar rain estimates.

I’ve long been amazed at how well the “rainfall total” estimates from the National Weather Service’s radar match up with the so-called “ground truth” –  the totals measured by surface rain gauges.  I was amazed again Monday, but for a completely different reason.  This time the radar estimates over the whole range of the radar were all BELOW one inch (.6″ to .99″ range).  However, the rain gauges at the airport and Bowman Field both recorded about 1.5″.  So, actual measured values were more than 50% higher than radar estimates!  Something is waaaay off.  I don’t know why, but I do have a theory.  The algorithm  currently being used by the radar is probably designed for winter weather.  In the winter, in rain/snow situations, radar will often display an area of high reflectivity.  That looks like an area of heavy precipitation.  In reality, what it is usually “seeing” is a region where snowflakes are melting as they fall toward the ground.  Thus, you have snowflakes surrounded by liquid water.  The radar interprets that as huge raindrops – thus assuming heavy rain which creates an artificially intense radar return.  The common term for this is bright banding.  So, the winter radar algorithm makes allowances for this bright banding and reduces the “radar detected precipitation” accordingly.

However,  in a warmer situation when the freezing level is far above us (like the two rain situations this week), radar echoes displaying the same levels of intensity as winter “bright banding” are, in fact, measuring just what they seem to be – heavy rain.  Thus, using winter schemes during a spring rain will greatly reduce the “radar detected rainfall.”

Now, this seems like a problem with an easy fix – change to the correct algorithm.  Evidently, however, my theory must not be correct.  Because it’s happening again today!  As of 5 P.M., radar rain fall estimates for an area roughly 40 miles around Louisville showed about 75% of the area rain totals below .30″ while the other 25% have had between .30″ and .59″.  Meanwhile, SDF and Bowman Field (LOU) rain gauges were reporting between .70″ and .80″ of rain so far.  But then, what’s that old line – Fool me once, your fault.  Fool me twice, my fault.?

Very unusual Pi Day tomorrow.

Within the past two decades or so, math and science oriented people have thought that the very important math symbol “pi” should get some credit.  pi’s value is 3.14…, so March 14 or 3/14 is celebrated annually as “Pi Day.”  But, tomorrow is an extra special version of the day – it will not be repeated for a 100 years!  Going out a few more numbers in the value of pi we get 3.1415…  3/14/15 is tomorrow’s date.  Then the next three numbers of pi are 926.  So, tomorrow at 9:26 A.M. and 9:26 P.M. we’ll have the following number string – 3/14/15 9:26  The most digits of pi you’ll ever see on Pi Day (unless you live a very long time).  And, if you want to go to seconds, the next two numbers are 53.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Now, that seems to be a problem with an easy fix – change to the correct algorithm.  Evidently, however, my theory may not be correct.  Because it’s happening again today!  As of 5 P.M., Radar estimates within 40 miles (or so) of Louisville showed about 75% of the area with rain less than .30″  and the rest of the area in the .3″ to .60″.  However, both airport rain gauges in Jefferson Co.  were reporting totals between .7″ and .8″.

 

Warm, wet week ahead

Monday Afternoon (Mar. 9)

The polar jet has disappeared for awhile, so the cold air will stay far north this week.  The Subtropical (Southern) Jet rules the week ahead.  This jet is far weaker than the Polar Jet, but does have its foot in the Gulf of Mexico, so plenty of water is available.

Rains today over the south-central U.S.  will ride the jet slowly northeastward tonight.  Rain should begin after midnight and continue off and on most of the day tomorrow.  As this system is short on energy, no excessive rains are likely.  The NAM puts us around 1.5″ of rain but the GFS pushes the heaviest rains over southern KY.  Although the NAM placed the rain and snow last week almost perfectly, I feel the GFS looks more realistic with the weaker system.

Looks like Wednesday should be dry and warm.  Temperatures should reach at least 60, but any 3-4 hour break in the clouds could push us to the mid to upper 60’s.

Thursday’s weather looks very questionable at this time.  The NAM wants very much to bring another of northward, much like tomorrow.  Meanwhile, the GFS pushes the moisture eastward during the day and then brings some rain northward to Louisville Thursday night into Friday.

Milder for the weekend; warmer next week

Friday afternoon (Mar 6)

After a beautiful snow forecast, the NWS fell back into it’s recent trend of big-time errors on low temperatures.  Early yesterday, it was all about the record lows we’d be having.  Didn’t happen.  Didn’t even come close.  But, in fact, a record MAY have been set!

First, yesterday’s high, predicted to be 17, reached the mid 20’s.  But the crowning event was to be the low this morning.  (see yesterday’s blog)  Yesterday’s overnight forecast, issued at 3:41 P.M. predicted a low temperature of -5 to -10 degrees.  This morning’s low was 8 deg. ( In forecasting, an error of +/- 3 degrees is considered a “hit”.)  So, the official forecast had an error range from 13 degrees to 18 degrees!  In today’s world, a miss of 10 deg. or more probably only happens a handfull of times a year.  But, a miss of 18 deg. is  virtually unprecedented.  So, indeed, a new record may have been set this morning – worst low-temperature forecast ever.  However, I don’t imagine that such records are kept, so we’ll never know.

Weekend

Southerly winds and partly cloudy skies will contribute to dry, warming weather.  That’s good news for most of us, but not for those who live in flood-prone areas.  Highs in 40’s may sound good, but that’s still below normal for early March.  Next week we’ll have some days in the 50’s and some reach the 60’s.

Tonight…partly cloudy and cold…low near 20 this evening, then slowly rising temperatures overnight.

Tomorrow and Sunday:  partly cloudy with highs in the mid to upper 40’s.

Cold night ahead.

Thursday Afternoon (Mar 5)

“Oh, what a beautiful morning; oh, what a beautiful day.”   (from “Oklahoma”)

Just about the only thing that makes me feel better after such a poor forecast is the ability to really enjoy what nature has provided for us.  Those of you who take a more negative view of snow, don’t worry.  March sunshine can eat up snow in a big hurry.

So, now the weather attention turns to the cold air/snow cover combination which can sometimes lead to some extremely cold temperatures.  In a similar situation to a few weeks ago, the NWS is predicting some really cold readings for tomorrow morning (-5 to -10).  Forecast model guidance is once again significantly warmer than the forecast ( 13,10 and 4 deg) are their most recent forecasts.  True, conditions look good, but this air mass is not as cold as that one was.  If skies clear for most of the night, as is expected , near zero lows are likely, but -10 appears unlikely except in some rural areas.  I’ll stick with a low of 3.

If skies clear this evening…

Tonight is the night of the mini moon.  Each year we hear of the giant or super moon when the Earth-Moon distance is the smallest of the year.  But, if there is a Super Moon, there must be an opposite full moon when the Earth-Moon distance is the greatest.  That’s called the mini Moon – when the full moon is smaller and dimmer than any other full moon of the year.  Tonight’s the night.  Look east around sunset if the clouds are gone.  See if you can tell the difference from other full moons.

minimoon_strip

image from Alan Dyer of Silver City NM

Snow diminishes overnight

Wednesday 11 P.M. (Mar 4)

Just measured the snow in my driveway – 5″- and heard that the airport has already hit 7″ so I guess I’d better try to repair my “blown out of the water (or snow) forecast”.  Models and radar indicates that light snow should continue until 1 or 2 A.M. with only minor accumulations after that.  Snow banding has been heavy just south of Louisville so I’d expect areas from southern Jefferson Co., Bullitt, Spencer, Shelby, Hardin, Breckinridge, Grayson, Franklin, Nelson and Mercer getting Double Digit snows (10″-13″).  Lower totals over the rest of Jefferson Co. and areas north.

We should get about 1″-2″ for the rest of the storm, so 6″ to 10″ looks good over the area north of the counties mentioned above.

You win some, you lose some, but there’s tomorrow to try again.